SQL Server sqlldr装载数据实现代码

2022-11-12 09:48:12

内容摘要

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了SQL Server sqlldr装载数据实现代码，具有一定的参考价值，可以用来参考一下。对此感兴趣的朋友，看看idc笔记做的技术笔记！这里用 excel 数据做个

文章正文

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了SQL Server sqlldr装载数据实现代码，具有一定的参考价值，可以用来参考一下。

对此感兴趣的朋友，看看idc笔记做的技术笔记！

这里用 excel 数据做个最简单的测试。1）把 excel 数据存为 t.txt 文件，注意文件后缀名为 .txt1 jhchen 11/07/2005 20:04:00 2005-11-7 20:042 jhchen 11/07/2005 20:04:00 2005-11-7 20:043 jhchen 11/07/2005 20:04:00 2005-11-7 20:042）SQL> create table t_load(id number,name varchar2(10),dat1 date,dat2 date,dat3 date);Table created.3）控制文件 t.ctl 如下load datainfile 't.txt'badfile 't.bad'append into table t_loadfields terminated by X'09'　　trailing nullcols(id ,name ,dat1 date "mm/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss",dat2 date "yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss")其中，X'09' 是制表符，TAB键，trailing nullcols 表示如表的字段没有对应的值时允许为空。4）C:\Documents and Settings\cjh>sqlldr userid=jhchen/oracle control=t.ctlSQL*Loader: Release 9.2.0.6.0 - Production on 星期一 11月 7 20:20:00 2005Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.达到提交点，逻辑记录计数35）SQL> select * from t_load;ID NAME DAT1 DAT2 DAT3---------- ---------- --------- --------- ---------1 jhchen 07-NOV-05 07-NOV-052 jhchen 07-NOV-05 07-NOV-053 jhchen 07-NOV-05 07-NOV-05sqlldr userid=lgone/tiger control=a.ctlLOAD DATAINFILE 't.dat' // 要导入的文件// INFILE 'tt.date' // 导入多个文件// INFILE * // 要导入的内容就在control文件里下面的BEGINDATA后面就是导入的内容INTO TABLE table_name // 指定装入的表BADFILE 'c:\bad.txt' // 指定坏文件地址************* 以下是4种装入表的方式APPEND // 原先的表有数据就加在后面// INSERT // 装载空表如果原先的表有数据 sqlloader会停止默认值// REPLACE // 原先的表有数据原先的数据会全部删除// TRUNCATE // 指定的内容和replace的相同会用truncate语句删除现存数据************* 指定的TERMINATED可以在表的开头也可在表的内部字段部分FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'// 装载这种数据: 10,lg,"""lg""","lg,lg"// 在表中结果: 10 lg "lg" lg,lg// TERMINATED BY X '09' // 以十六进制格式 '09' 表示的// TERMINATED BY WRITESPACE // 装载这种数据: 10 lg lgTRAILING NULLCOLS ************* 表的字段没有对应的值时允许为空************* 下面是表的字段(col_1 , col_2 ,col_filler FILLER // FILLER 关键字此列的数值不会被装载// 如: lg,lg,not 结果 lg lg)// 当没声明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' 时// (// col_1 [interger external] TERMINATED BY ',' ,// col_2 [date "dd-mon-yyy"] TERMINATED BY ',' ,// col_3 [char] TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY 'lg'// )// 当没声明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','用位置告诉字段装载数据// (// col_1 position(1:2),// col_2 position(3:10),// col_3 position(*:16), // 这个字段的开始位置在前一字段的结束位置// col_4 position(1:16),// col_5 position(3:10) char(8) // 指定字段的类型// )BEGINDATA // 对应开始的 INFILE * 要导入的内容就在control文件里10,Sql,what20,lg,show=====================================================================================//////////// 注意begindata后的数值前面不能有空格1 ***** 普通装载LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'(DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC)BEGINDATA10,Sales,"""USA"""20,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"30,Consulting,Virginia40,Finance,Virginia50,"Finance","",Virginia // loc 列将为空60,"Finance",,Virginia // loc 列将为空2 ***** FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE 和 FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09' 的情况LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE-- FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09'(DEPTNO,DNAME,LOC)BEGINDATA10 Sales Virginia3 ***** 指定不装载那一列LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'( DEPTNO,FILLER_1 FILLER, // 下面的 "Something Not To Be Loaded" 将不会被装载DNAME,LOC)BEGINDATA20,Something Not To Be Loaded,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"4 ***** position的列子LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACE( DEPTNO position(1:2),DNAME position(*:16), // 这个字段的开始位置在前一字段的结束位置LOC position(*:29),ENTIRE_LINE position(1:29))BEGINDATA10Accounting Virginia,USA5 ***** 使用函数日期的一种表达 TRAILING NULLCOLS的使用LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','TRAILING NULLCOLS // 其实下面的ENTIRE_LINE在BEGINDATA后面的数据中是没有直接对应// 的列的值的如果第一行改为 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000,, 就不用TRAILING NULLCOLS了(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)", // 使用函数LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy', // 日期的一种表达方式还有'dd-mon-yyyy' 等ENTIRE_LINE ":deptno||:dname||:loc||:last_updated")BEGINDATA10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/200020,Accounting,Virginia,21/6/199930,Consulting,Virginia,5/1/200040,Finance,Virginia,15/3/20016 ***** 使用自定义的函数 // 解决的时间问题create or replacefunction my_to_date( p_string in varchar2 ) return dateastype fmtArray is table of varchar2(25);l_fmts fmtArray := fmtArray( 'dd-mon-yyyy', 'dd-month-yyyy','dd/mm/yyyy','dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss' );l_return date;beginfor i in 1 .. l_fmts.countloopbeginl_return := to_date( p_string, l_fmts(i) );exceptionwhen others then null;end;EXIT when l_return is not null;end loop;if ( l_return is null )thenl_return :=new_time( to_date('01011970','ddmmyyyy') + 1/24/60/60 *p_string, 'GMT', 'EST' );end if;return l_return;end;/LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','TRAILING NULLCOLS(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )" // 使用自定义的函数)BEGINDATA10,Sales,Virginia,01-april-200120,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/200130,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:0240,Finance,Virginia,98726829750,Finance,Virginia,02-apr-200160,Finance,Virginia,Not a date7 ***** 合并多行记录为一行记录LOAD DATAINFILE *concatenate 3 // 通过关键字concatenate 把几行的记录看成一行记录INTO TABLE DEPTreplaceFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy')BEGINDATA10,Sales, // 其实这3行看成一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000Virginia,1/5/2000// 这列子用 continueif list="," 也可以告诉sqlldr在每行的末尾找逗号找到逗号就把下一行附加到上一行LOAD DATAINFILE *continueif this(1:1) = '-' // 找每行的开始是否有连接字符 - 有就把下一行连接为一行// 如 -10,Sales,Virginia,// 1/5/2000 就是一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000// 其中1:1 表示从第一行开始并在第一行结束还有continueif next 但continueif list最理想INTO TABLE DEPTreplaceFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy')BEGINDATA // 但是好象不能象右面的那样使用-10,Sales,Virginia, -10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000 1/5/2000-40, 40,Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001Finance,Virginia,13/04/20018 ***** 载入每行的行号load datainfile *into table treplace( seqno RECNUM //载入每行的行号text Position(1:1024))BEGINDATAfsdfasj //自动分配一行号给载入表t 的seqno字段此行为 1fasdjfasdfl // 此行为 2 ...9 ***** 载入有换行符的数据注意: unix 和 windows 不同 \\n & /n< 1 > 使用一个非换行符的字符LOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','TRAILING NULLCOLS(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",COMMENTS "replace(:comments,'\n',chr(10))" // replace 的使用帮助转换换行符)BEGINDATA10,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales\nOffice in Virginia20,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting\nOffice in Virginia30,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting\nOffice in Virginia40,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance\nOffice in Virginia< 2 > 使用fix属性LOAD DATAINFILE demo17.dat "fix 101"INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','TRAILING NULLCOLS(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",COMMENTS)demo17.dat10,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesOffice in Virginia20,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingOffice in Virginia30,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingOffice in Virginia40,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinanceOffice in Virginia// 这样装载会把换行符装入数据库下面的方法就不会但要求数据的格式不同LOAD DATAINFILE demo18.dat "fix 101"INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'TRAILING NULLCOLS(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",COMMENTS)demo18.dat10,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,"This is the SalesOffice in Virginia"20,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,"This is the AccountingOffice in Virginia"30,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,"This is the ConsultingOffice in Virginia"40,Finance,Virginia,987268297,"This is the FinanceOffice in Virginia"< 3 > 使用var属性LOAD DATAINFILE demo19.dat "var 3"// 3 告诉每个记录的前3个字节表示记录的长度如第一个记录的 071 表示此记录有 71 个字节INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','TRAILING NULLCOLS(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",COMMENTS)demo19.dat07110,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesOffice in Virginia07820,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingOffice in Virginia08730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingOffice in Virginia07140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinanceOffice in Virginia< 4 > 使用str属性// 最灵活的一中可定义一个新的行结尾符 win 回车换行 : chr(13)||chr(10)此列中记录是以 a|\r\n 结束的select utl_raw.cast_to_raw('|'||chr(13)||chr(10)) from dual;结果 7C0D0ALOAD DATAINFILE demo20.dat "str X'7C0D0A'"INTO TABLE DEPTREPLACEFIELDS TERMINATED BY ','TRAILING NULLCOLS(DEPTNO,DNAME "upper(:dname)",LOC "upper(:loc)",LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",COMMENTS)demo20.dat10,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesOffice in Virginia|20,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingOffice in Virginia|30,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingOffice in Virginia|40,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinanceOffice in Virginia|==============================================================================象这样的数据用 nullif 子句10-jan-200002350Flipper seemed unusually hungry today.10510-jan-200009945Spread over three meals.id position(1:3) nullif // 这里可以是blanks 或者别的表达式// 下面是另一个列子第一行的 1 在数据库中将成为 nullLOAD DATAINFILE *INTO TABLE TREPLACE(n position(1:2) integer external nullif n='1',v position(3:8))BEGINDATA1 1020lg

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