详解Android中用于线程处理的AsyncTask类的用法及源码

private class DemoAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Void> {
 @Override
 protected void onPreExecute() {
  super.onPreExecute();
 }

 @Override
 protected Void doInBackground(String... params) {
  return null;
 } 

 @Override
 protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
  super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
 }

 @Override
 protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
  super.onProgressUpdate(values);
 }

 @Override
 protected void onCancelled(Void aVoid) {
  super.onCancelled(aVoid);
 }

 @Override
 protected void onCancelled() {
  super.onCancelled();
 }
}

DemoAsyncTask task = new DemoAsyncTask();
task.execute("demo test AsyncTask");
//task.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.SERIAL_EXECUTOR, "test");
//myTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, "test");

public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
 return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
}
private static volatile Executor sDefaultExecutor = SERIAL_EXECUTOR;

public abstract class AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> {
....
}

private final WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> mWorker;
private final FutureTask<Result> mFuture;
 mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
  public Result call() throws Exception {
   mTaskInvoked.set(true);

   Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
   //noinspection unchecked
   return postResult(doInBackground(mParams));
  }
 };

 mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
  @Override
  protected void done() {
   try {
    postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
   } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
   } catch (ExecutionException e) {
    throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()",
      e.getCause());
   } catch (CancellationException e) {
    postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
   }
  }
 };

public interface Callable<V> {
/**
 * Computes a result, or throws an exception if unable to do so.
 *
 * @return computed result
 * @throws Exception if unable to compute a result
 */
V call() throws Exception;
}

public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result>  execute(Params... params) {
 return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
}
public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,
  Params... params) {
 if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {
  switch (mStatus) {
   case RUNNING:
    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
      + " the task is already running.");
   case FINISHED:
    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
      + " the task has already been executed "
      + "(a task can be executed only once)");
  }
 }

 mStatus = Status.RUNNING;

 onPreExecute();

 mWorker.mParams = params;
 exec.execute(mFuture);

 return this;
}

private Result postResult(Result result) {
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 Message message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,
   new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(this, result));
 message.sendToTarget();
 return result;
}
private static final InternalHandler sHandler = new InternalHandler();
private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
 @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
 @Override
 public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
  AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj;
  switch (msg.what) {
   case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
    // There is only one result
    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
    break;
   case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
    break;
  }
 }
}
private void finish(Result result) {
 if (isCancelled()) {
  onCancelled(result);
 } else {
  onPostExecute(result);
 }
 mStatus = Status.FINISHED;
}

public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params){
 return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
}
public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec, 
  Params... params) { 
 if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) { 
  switch (mStatus) { 
   case RUNNING: 
    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:" + " the task is already running."); 
       
   case FINISHED: 
    throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:" + " the task has already been executed " + "(a task can be executed only once)"); 
      
      
  } 
 } 
 
 mStatus = Status.RUNNING; 
 //先执行 onPreExecute
 onPreExecute(); 
 
 mWorker.mParams = params; 
 
 exec.execute(mFuture); 
 return this; 
} 

private static abstract class WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> implements Callable<Result> { 
 Params[] mParams; 
} 

mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() { 
  public Result call() throws Exception { 
   mTaskInvoked.set(true); 

   Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND); 
   //noinspection unchecked 
   return postResult(doInBackground(mParams)); 
  } 
 };
 
mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) { 
 @Override 
 protected void done() { 
  try { 
   postResultIfNotInvoked(get()); 
  } catch (InterruptedException e) { 
   android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e); 
  } catch (ExecutionException e) { 
   throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()", 
     e.getCause()); 
  } catch (CancellationException e) { 
   postResultIfNotInvoked(null); 
  } 
 } 
}; 

private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor { 
 //线性双向队列，用来存储所有的AsyncTask任务 
 final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>(); 
 //当前正在执行的AsyncTask任务 
 Runnable mActive; 

 public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) { 
  //将新的AsyncTask任务加入到双向队列中 
  mTasks.offer(new Runnable() { 
   public void run() { 
    try { 
     //执行AsyncTask任务 
     r.run(); 
    } finally { 
     //当前任务执行结束后执行下一个任务
     scheduleNext(); 
    } 
   } 
  }); 
  if (mActive == null) { 
   scheduleNext(); 
  } 
 } 

 protected synchronized void scheduleNext() { 
  //从任务队列中取出队列头部的任务，如果有就交给并发线程池去执行 
  if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) { 
   THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive); 
  } 
 } 
}

public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR 
  = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE, 
    TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory); 

private static class InternalHandler extends Handler { 
 @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"}) 
 @Override 
 public void handleMessage(Message msg) { 
  AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj; 
  switch (msg.what) { 
   case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT: 
    // There is only one result 
    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]); 
    break; 
   case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS: 
    result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData); 
    break; 
  } 
 } 
} 

private void finish(Result result) { 
 if (isCancelled()) { 
  onCancelled(result); 
 } else { 
  onPostExecute(result); 
 } 
 mStatus = Status.FINISHED; 
}