SQL Server SQL 导入导出Excel数据的语句
2022-11-12 09:52:42
内容摘要
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了SQL Server SQL 导入导出Excel数据的语句，具有一定的参考价值，可以用来参考一下。
对此感兴趣的朋友，看看idc笔记做的技术笔记！--从Excel文件中,
文章正文
这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了SQL Server SQL 导入导出Excel数据的语句，具有一定的参考价值，可以用来参考一下。
对此感兴趣的朋友，看看idc笔记做的技术笔记！
--从Excel文件中,导入数据到SQL数据库中,很简单,直接用下面的语句:/*===================================================================*/--如果接受数据导入的表已经存在insert into 表 select * fromOPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0','Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$)--如果导入数据并生成表select * into 表 fromOPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0','Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$)/*===================================================================*/--如果从SQL数据库中,导出数据到Excel,如果Excel文件已经存在,而且已经按照要接收的数据创建好表头,就可以简单的用:insert into OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0','Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$)select * from 表--如果Excel文件不存在,也可以用BCP来导成类Excel的文件,注意大小写:--导出表的情况EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp 数据库名.dbo.表名 out "c:\test.xls" /c -/S"服务器名" /U"用户名" -P"密码"'--导出查询的情况EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout "c:\test.xls" /c -/S"服务器名" /U"用户名" -P"密码"'/*--说明:c:\test.xls 为导入/导出的Excel文件名.sheet1$ 为Excel文件的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.--*/--下面是导出真正Excel文件的方法:if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]GO/*--数据导出EXCEL导出表中的数据到Excel,包含字段名,文件为真正的Excel文件,如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件,如果表不存在,将自动创建表基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型--邹建 2003.10(引用请保留此信息)--*//*--调用示例p_exporttb @tbname='地区资料',@path='c:\',@fname='aa.xls'--*/create proc p_exporttb@tbname sysname, --要导出的表名@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录@fname nvarchar(250)='' --文件名,默认为表名asdeclare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)--参数检测if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname=@tbname+'.xls'--检查文件是否已经存在if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\'create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql--数据库创建语句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sqlelseset @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'--连接数据库exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberrexec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr/*--如果覆盖已经存在的表,就加上下面的语句--创建之前先删除表/如果存在的话select @sql='drop table ['+@tbname+']'exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql--*/--创建表的SQLselect @sql='',@fdlist=''select @fdlist=@fdlist+',['+a.name+']',@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '+casewhen b.name like '%char'then case when a.length>255 then 'memo'else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' endwhen b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int'when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime'when b.name like '%money' then 'money'when b.name like '%text' then 'memo'else b.name endFROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp')and object_id(@tbname)=idselect @sql='create table ['+@tbname+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')',@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberrexec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj--导入数据set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])'exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname)returnlberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlistgoif exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]GO/*--数据导出EXCEL导出查询中的数据到Excel,包含字段名,文件为真正的Excel文件如果文件不存在,将自动创建文件如果表不存在,将自动创建表基于通用性考虑,仅支持导出标准数据类型--邹建 2003.10(引用请保留此信息)--*//*--调用示例p_exporttb @sqlstr='select * from 地区资料',@path='c:\',@fname='aa.xls',@sheetname='地区资料'--*/create proc p_exporttb@sqlstr varchar(8000), --查询语句,如果查询语句中使用了order by ,请加上top 100 percent@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目录@fname nvarchar(250), --文件名@sheetname varchar(250)='' --要创建的工作表名,默认为文件名asdeclare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)--参数检测if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname='temp.xls'if isnull(@sheetname,'')='' set @sheetname=replace(@fname,'.','#')--检查文件是否已经存在if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\'create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql--数据库创建语句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sqlelseset @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'--连接数据库exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberrexec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr--创建表的SQLdeclare @tbname sysnameset @tbname='##tmp_'+convert(varchar(38),newid())set @sql='select * into ['+@tbname+'] from('+@sqlstr+') a'exec(@sql)select @sql='',@fdlist=''select @fdlist=@fdlist+',['+a.name+']',@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '+casewhen b.name like '%char'then case when a.length>255 then 'memo'else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' endwhen b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int'when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime'when b.name like '%money' then 'money'when b.name like '%text' then 'memo'else b.name endFROM tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp')and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname)if @@rowcount=0 returnselect @sql='create table ['+@sheetname+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')',@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberrexec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj--导入数据set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@sheetname+'$])'exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from ['+@tbname+']')set @sql='drop table ['+@tbname+']'exec(@sql)returnlberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlistgo declare @tbname sysname--要导出的表名,注意只能是表名/视图名declare @path nvarchar(1000)--文件存放目录declare @fname nvarchar(250)--文件名,默认为表名set @tbname='salaryreports'set @path='e:\'set @fname='salaryreportsxls'declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out intdeclare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)--参数检测if isnull(@fname,'')=''set @fname=@tbname+'.xls'--drop table #tb--检查文件是否已经存在if right(@path,1)<>'\' set @path=@path+'\'create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)set @sql=@path+@fnameinsert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql--select * from #tb--数据库创建语句set @sql=@path+@fnameif exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sqlelseset @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 5.0;HDR=YES'+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'--连接数据库exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj outif @err<>0 goto lberrexec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constrif @err<>0 goto lberr--创建表的SQLselect @sql='',@fdlist=''select @fdlist=@fdlist+','+a.name,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '+case when b.name in('char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar') then'text('+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+')'when b.name in('tynyint','int','bigint','tinyint') then 'int'when b.name in('smalldatetime','datetime') then 'datetime'when b.name in('money','smallmoney') then 'money'else b.name endFROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertypewhere b.name not in('image','text','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','ntext','varbinary','binary','timestamp')and object_id(@tbname)=idselect @sql='create table ['+@tbname+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')',@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sqlif @err<>0 goto lberrexec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj--导入数据set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])'exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname)returnlberr:exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc outlbexit:select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 错误号,@src as 错误源,@desc as 错误描述select @sql,@constr,@fdlist注：关于SQL Server SQL 导入导出Excel数据的语句的内容就先介绍到这里，更多相关文章的可以留意
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作者：喵哥笔记
